November 11, 2017
Qualitative and quantitative composition
Lidocaine 5%
Cetrimide 0.15%
For excipients, see list of excipients.
Pharmaceutical form
Gingival gel.
Therapeutic indications
XYLONOR GEL is indicated for the production of topical anaesthesia in the buccal cavity, especially in the following procedures:
- Anaesthesia of the mucous membrane before injection, lancing of abscesses, or scaling.
- Surface anaesthesia for the extraction of mobile, deciduous or permanent teeth.
- Prevention of gagging during impression taking.
XYLONOR GEL is indicated in adults, and in children and adolescents aged 4 to 8 years of age.
Posology and method of administration
Topical use only. Gingival route.
Recommended doses
To be used only once from 0.1 to 0.5 g by topical local application with a cotton pallet.
Dosage schedule
Under aseptic conditions, extrude about 2 mm (equivalent to approximately 0.1 g) of gel from the tube onto a cotton pellet. Then message previously dried mucosa. Removal of excess saliva with cotton rolls or saliva ejector minimizes dilution of the gel and permits maximum penetration.
Depending upon the surface to be anaesthetized and the status of the patient (age, physical condition), the dose of the gel used may be increased, up to 0.5 g.
Do not use in children under 4 years of age.
Contraindications
XYLONOR GEL is contraindicated in patients with history of hypersensitivity to local anaesthetics of the amide type, to cetrimide or to other components of the gel.
Special warnings and precautions for use
The safety and effectiveness of lidocaine depend on proper dosage, correct technique, adequate precautions and readiness for emergencies. The lowest dose that results in effective anaesthesia should be used to avoid high plasma levels and serious adverse effects. Debilitated, elderly patients, accurately ill patients and children should be given reduced doses commensurate with their age and physical status.
XYLONOR GEL should be used with caution if there is sepsis or extremely traumatized mucosa in the area of application, since under such conditions, there is potential for rapid systemic absorption of both lidocaine and cetrimide.
It should be used with caution in persons with known drug sensitivities.
There is a risk of anaesthesiophgia leading to bites (lips, jaws, tongue); patients should be advised to avoid chewing-gum or any type of food as long as the anaesthesia persists. It is recommended that the patient does not take any food before he has recovered sensitivity.
There is a possibility of positive results on doing tests performed on sportsmen.
Interaction with other medicaments and other forms of interactions
Soaps and anionic surfactants are known to decrease the bactericidal activity of cetrimide.
Pregnancy and lactation
Pregnancy
Reproductive studies have been performed in rats and rabbits without evidence of harm to the animal foetus. However, the safe use of lidocaine in humans has not been established with respect to possible adverse effects upon foetal development. Careful consideration should be given to this fact before administering this drug to women of childbearing potential, particularly during early pregnancy.
Breast-feeding
Problems in humans have not been documented. However, risk-benefit must be considered.
Effects on ability to drive and use machines
Not applicable
Undesirable effects
Systemic adverse reactions are extremely rare with lidocaine ointments. However, as with any local anaesthetic, adverse reactions may result from high plasma levels due to excessive dosage, or rapid absorption, or may result from hypersensitivity, idiosyncrasy or diminished tolerance.
- Central nervous system reactions
CNS reactions are excitatory and/or depressant, and may be characterized by nervousness, dizziness, blurred vision and tremors, followed by drowsiness, convulsions, unconsciousness, and possibly, respiratory arrest. The excitatory reactions may be very brief or may not occur at all, in which case the first manifestations of toxicity may be drowsiness, merging into unconsciousness and respiratory arrest.
- Cardiovascular system reactions
Cardiovascular reactions are depressant and may be characterized by hypotension, myocardial depression, bradycardia, and possibly, cardiac arrest.
- Allergic reactions
Allergic reactions may occur as a result of sensitivity to local anaeshtetics. Anaphylactoid type symptomatology and reactions, characterized by cutaneous lesions, urticaria, and edema, should be managed by conventional means. The detection of potential sensitivity by skin testing is of limited value.
At the concentrations used on the skin and mucous membranes (0.1-1%) cetrimide does not generally cause irritation, but some patients become hypersensitive to cetrimide after repeated applications.
Overdose
The normal application of XYLONOR GEL according to its directions for use is very unlikely to result in an overdose. However, in the improbable case that symptoms of an overdose do occur, the procedure for treatment is described below.
Treatment of patient with toxic manifestations consists of assuring and maintaining a patent airway, supporting ventilation with oxygen, and assisted or controlled ventilation (respiration) as required. This usually will be sufficient in the management of most reactions. Should a convulsion persist despite ventilatory therapy, small increments of anticonvulsive agents may be given intravenously. Examples of such agents include benzodiazepine (eg., diazepam), ultrashort acting barbiturate (eg., pentobarbital or secobarbital). Cardiovascular depression may require circulatory assistance with intravenous fluids and/or vasopressors (eg., ephedrine) as dictated by the clinical situation.
Pharmacodynamic properties
Anaestetics for dental use
ATC code: N (Central Nervous System)
XYLONOR GEL contains two therapeutic agents:
1. Lidocaine stabilises the neuronal membranes and prevents the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses, thereby effecting local anaesthetic action. It does not contain a paramino group.
2. Cetrimide is an antiseptic of the quaternary ammonium group with both bactericidal and detergent properties.
It has bactericidal activity against gram-positive organisms but is less effective against some gram-negative organisms; stains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are particularly resistant.
XYLONOR GEL combines both these ingredients in a non-irritant, water miscible excipient. This gel effects local topical anaesthesia. The onset of action is 2-5 minutes.
The duration of anaesthesia is 30-60 minutes. This anaesthetic effect is complemented by a disinfectant action.
Pharmacokinetic properties
1. Lidocaine is metabolized mainly in the liver, and excreted via the kidneys. Approximately 90 % of lidocaine administered is excreted unchanged. The primary metabolite in urine is a conjugate of 4-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylaniline.
2. Cetrimide penetrates into the superficial layer of the epidermis.
Absorption through the gastro-intestinal tract is poor, more than 90% of the dose ingested is excreted in the faces.
List of excipients
Saccharin, spearmint oil and macrogol.
Incompatibilities
None stated.
Shelf life
24 months
Special precautions for storage
Store below 25°C.
Keep tube tightly closed.
Nature and contents of containers
Aluminium tube with internal epoxy varnish and polyethylene screw cap containing 15 g of gel.
Special precautions for disposal
Always discard any unused portion taken from the tube. Tightly close after use.
Marketing authorization holder
SEPTODONT Ltd.
Units R&S
Orchard Business Centre
St Barnabas Close
Allington, Maidstone, Kent ME16 0JZ
UK