Uniform Tooth Color Outweighs Desire for a Bright White Smile in Patient Preferences

October 06, 2025

A recent study conducted at the University of Gothenburg highlights that patients prioritize consistent tooth coloration over achieving a strikingly white smile. This pioneering research sheds light on how individuals perceive and value uniformity in tooth shade, particularly when addressing localized color discrepancies.

Evaluating Tooth Color Perceptions

The study explored how individuals assess their own tooth coloration and their reactions to uneven shades, such as localized discoloration or spotting on a tooth’s surface. Participants rated their satisfaction with their natural tooth color and their perceptions of aesthetic irregularities.
Key findings revealed that 77% of participants expressed contentment with their overall tooth color, with no significant variations across age or gender. However, those who noticed localized discoloration on a tooth reported lower satisfaction levels. Notably, 22% of women compared to 13% of men had previously undergone tooth whitening procedures. Among participants with uneven tooth color, 9% had pursued corrective treatments, while 52% expressed interest in such interventions.

Insights from Dental Experts

Laura Ståhl, a PhD candidate at the University of Gothenburg’s Institute of Odontology and a practicing dentist in the Public Dental Service, led the study. She emphasized, “Our research indicates that uneven tooth color is readily noticed and often viewed unfavorably by patients. Those who are more satisfied with their tooth shade tend to place greater emphasis on both their own and others’ dental aesthetics.”

Ståhl further noted the importance of addressing patient concerns about tooth appearance, stating, “Understanding how younger individuals perceive their dental aesthetics is critical. Oral health extends beyond physical well-being—it encompasses confidence in smiling and expressing oneself freely. By listening to patients, clinicians can better align treatments with their aesthetic priorities.”

In the study, participants were shown images of teeth with and without localized discoloration on the enamel of anterior teeth. They were asked to evaluate the aesthetic appeal of these images. When participants found a tooth’s appearance unsatisfactory, 90% attributed their dissatisfaction to the color irregularity, with the shade and extent of the deviation also influencing their judgment.

Clinical Considerations and Patient Safety

Nina Sabel, an associate professor at the Institute of Odontology and a pediatric dentist, elaborated on the significance of these findings. “Teeth play a vital role in personal appearance, and localized color deviations can be a source of distress for some patients, particularly younger individuals,” she explained. “While treatments can enhance aesthetics, they must be approached with precision to avoid unrealistic expectations of a complete transformation.”

Sabel underscored the expertise of dental professionals in managing such treatments. “Discolorations stem from various causes, each requiring tailored approaches. Dental professionals are uniquely equipped to assess these issues, select appropriate treatments, and minimize risks, such as damage to gingival tissues.”

To ensure patient safety, Sabel advised, “Controlled bleaching with low-concentration hydrogen peroxide is key to reducing side effects. Over-bleaching should be avoided, as excessively whitened teeth—often described as ‘neon white’—cannot be reversed, potentially leading to long-term dissatisfaction.”

Conclusion

This study underscores the importance of uniform tooth color as a priority for patients over the pursuit of an overly bright smile. For dental professionals, these insights highlight the need to listen to patient concerns and offer tailored solutions that balance aesthetic goals with oral health. By employing safe, controlled whitening techniques and educating patients about realistic outcomes, clinicians can enhance both satisfaction and confidence while minimizing risks. This research paves the way for more patient-centered approaches in cosmetic dentistry, ensuring treatments align with individual priorities and clinical best practices.

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